![]() ![]() The star transits the observers meridian at 11.30pm. Let’s say an observer is looking at a star due west of their position at 9pm. We calculate how long it will take for that star to transit the meridian of the observer, so use hours, minutes and seconds instead. We don’t use angles of degrees as these might not be appropriate depending on the position of the star. This is the angle between the meridian of the observer and the meridian line on which the star is. This is local sidereal time so someone on a meridian in London will see the see culminate earlier than someone in Bristol, 2° to the west. The meridian is where the sun will be highest at local midday. It is a meridian from which others are measured.Ĭulmination is when a star is at the highest point in the sky (which should be along the meridian). The prime meridian is used as a reference for time conventions. ![]() Your meridian right now is different to mine, or slightly different to the person next to you, or your teacher etc. Coordinates help airplane pilots land planes or drop aid packages in specific locations.Meridian and Hour Angle 6.13 - Understand, in relation to astronomical observations, the terms:Ħ.11 - Understand how the observer’s meridian defines local sidereal time and an object’s hour angle MeridianĪ meridian is an imaginary line between north and south poles through the observer's position. Coordinates help engineers plan the best spot for a building, bridge, well, or other structure. Coordinates can give military leaders the location of weapons or enemy troops. Knowing the exact coordinates of a site (degrees, minutes, and seconds of longitude and latitude) is valuable for military, engineering, and rescue operations. Coordinates can be used to locate any point on Earth. The point in the grid where parallels and meridians intersect is called a coordinate. Maps are often marked with parallels and meridians, creating a grid. Longitude is related to latitude, the measurement of distance north or south of the Equator. All meridians meet at the North and South Poles. The greater the distance, the shorter the length between meridians. Because of Earth's curvature, the actual distance of a degrees, minutes, and seconds of longitude depends on its distance from the Equator. The widest areas of longitude are near the Equator, where Earth bulges out. A degree of longitude is about 111 kilometers (69 miles) at its widest. The longitude for Brasilia, Brazil, is 47° 55' W (47 degrees, 55 minutes west). For example, the longitude of Paris, France, is 2° 29' E (2 degrees, 29 minutes east). Each minute of longitude can be further divided into 60 seconds. Degrees of longitude are divided into 60 minutes. The other half, the Western Hemisphere, in degrees west of the prime meridian. Half of the world, the Eastern Hemisphere, is measured in degrees east of the prime meridian. It is the basis for the International Date Line. The antimeridian is halfway around the world, at 180 degrees. ![]() The meridian that runs through Greenwich, England, is internationally accepted as the line of 0 degrees longitude, or prime meridian. The distance around Earth measures 360 degrees. Each meridian measures one arc degree of longitude. Longitude is measured by imaginary lines that run around Earth vertically (up and down) and meet at the North and South Poles. Longitude is the measurement east or west of the prime meridian. ![]()
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